Children Activism :: History child Children government UN essays

Children Activism The Special Session on Children is an unprecedented meeting of the UN General Assembly dedicated to the children and adolescents of the world. It will bring together government leaders and Heads of State, NGOs, children's advocates and young people themselves from 19-21 September 2001 at the United Nations in New York City. The gathering will present a great opportunity to change the way the world views and treats children. A follow-up to the 1990 World Summit for Children In 1990, at the World Summit for Children, 71 Heads of State and Government and other leaders signed the World Declaration on Survival, Protection and Development of Children and adopted a Plan of Action to achieve a set of precise, time-bound goals. These goals included:  · Improving living conditions for children and their chances for survival by increasing access to health services for women and children  · Reducing the spread of preventable diseases  · Creating more opportunities for education  · Providing better sanitation and greater food supply; and protecting children in danger. The commitment to realizing the World Summit goals has helped move children and child rights to a place high on the world's agenda. The Special Session is an important follow-up to the 1990 World Summit. What does the Special Session on Children hope to accomplish?  · A review of the progress made for children in the decade since the 1990 World Summit for Children and the World Declaration and Plan of Action. The end-of-decade review will combine national, regional and global reports. The review will not only chart the achievements of the last decade; it will also serve to inform world leaders as they plan future actions for children.  · A renewed commitment and a pledge for specific actions for the coming decade. World leaders will explore the long-standing challenges of serving and protecting children, as well as the issues emerging in this rapidly changing world. They will be asked to identify strategic solutions to the problems facing children and to commit the critical human and economic resources that will be called for. Expected outcomes of the Special Session The Special Session is expected to produce a global agenda with a set of goals and a plan of action devoted to ensuring three essential outcomes:  · The best possible start in life for all children.

Air Carriers

Air carriers compete through cost leadership, differentiation and horizontal integration. Adoption of deregulation policies around the world led to opportunities for entry of new players. However, since existing large air carriers have decades of first mover advantage, the air transportation industry became segmented into two general groups, the traditional carriers comprised of flag and luxury air carriers and low-cost carriers differentiation by price and cost structures.Competition occurred on two levels, between traditional and low-cost carriers and among the air carriers belonging to these segments. Traditional airlines commonly compete based on differentiation of service quality, brand equity, and provision of additional value to consumers. Low-cost airlines compete based on cost leadership by developing pricing policies and cost structures that allow the provision of basic services at the lowest possible price. (Costa et al., 2002)Although, low cost carriers targeted a specifi c market, the low cost market, this meant a pull from the existing market of traditional airlines because of an alternative low cost option.Traditional airlines responded to this by engaging in horizontal integration by buying out low cost airlines as well as engaging in strategic alliance and consolidation strategies ranging from intensive ‘hub and spoke’ networks and code sharing to mergers and acquisitions intended to fill in the service gaps of low cost airlines and keep their market.These constitute exclusionary practices by exploiting industry practices such as overcapacity to dominate national routes and make it difficult for new entrants to use the same routes that goes against the competitive expectations from deregulation.Anti-trust regulations emerged in many jurisdictions to monitor and regulate practices that end up stifling competition. Monopolistic or quasi-monopolistic alliances and consolidation are subject to regulation necessary to ensure competition that balances the interests of various stakeholders. (Kleymann & Seristo, 2004)This led to the implementation of competitive strategies maximizing options within regulatory limits.How does the speed in air carriers impact inventory levels of firms using air transportation? and how the speed advantage relates to the choice of modes when choosing between air carriage and other modes of freight and passenger transport?The speed of air carriers impacts inventory levels of business firms using air transportation services because air carriers become a party in the logistics and supply chain partners of business firms (Thompson & Strickland, 2003).The air transportation industry plays a key role in many industries such as manufacturing and retail serving international markets and the tourism industry that all rely on the service quality and speed of air carriers to meet consumer expectations.In the case of manufacturing and retail companies, one goal is to maintain a fast rate of inventory turnover, which means product delivery to consumers the soonest possible time after production leaving only sufficient inventory in the warehouse to meet sudden upward shifts in demand and minimizing unnecessary costs.A fast inventory turnover then translates to growth in sales and profit and even a sustainable market. (Baldwin et al., 2000) However, to ensure a fast inventory turnover, the air carriers engaged by business firms should be fast enough to meet the period of delivery to all its consumers around the world.As such, speed advantages in an important consideration in the decision of business firms in preferring a mode of transportation to another. With advancements in technology in other modes of transportation, air, land and sea transportation have become substitutes. Bullet trains can offer comparative speeds as air carriers and sea vessels have always been the traditional mode of transportation.Air carriers need to differentiate its transportation services relative to t he other modes of transportation gain a competitive advantage and influence the decision of passengers and cargo owners to prefer air carriers.Since speed is a factor for passengers and cargo owners, this should be cultivated by air carriers as an advantage by developing aviation technology, maintaining their air carriers regularly,   continuing training of staff,   and coordinating with air transportation authorities and airports to support its speed advantage. (Doganis, 2001)ReferencesBaldwin, C., Dyer, H., & Fites, D. (2000). Harvard business review on managing the value chain. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Costa, P. R., Harned, D. S., & Lundquist, J. T. (2002). Rethinking the aviation industry: New strategies could help the business recover-but will also put more pressure on established players. The McKinsey Quarterly, 2, 88-100.Doganis, R. (2001). The airline business in the twenty-first century. London: Routledge.Kleymann, B., Seristo, H. (2004). Managing strat egic airline alliances. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.Thompson, A. A., & Strickland, A. J. (2003). Strategic management (13th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

The Problem Of Cyber Security - 1258 Words

We are caught in a moment of time in our nation s history where misfortunes, mismanagement, corruption, and leftwing ideology come together in a powerful concurrence of circumstances that leave our once dynamic nation at risk for disaster. Americans are a people dependent upon a meddling, incompetent government with its foot on the necks of its citizens. As incredible as it seems, our representatives allowed dictators and corrupt governments around the world to control nearly everything we need for survival. Moreover, our government is weak and incapacitated on the world stage, making us dependent upon the very people who wish to annihilate us. A crushing national debt, crumbling infrastructure, reduced military power, lack of a†¦show more content†¦Computer hacking or other sabotage could leave our entire nation a rudderless, powerless ship drifting defenselessly in a violent and hostile world. In an age when computers run our military, infrastructure, governmental agencies, banking, and nearly everything Americans depend upon for comfort and survival, we stand defenseless. Countries attack, probe, and steal information with impunity knowing Obama has no stomach for confrontation with other countries; he saves his power and hostilities in a private war on American citizens and their Constitution. There was a time when America rightfully boasted the greatest and most envied industrial complex and manufacturing base in the history of mankind. However, that was before politicians decided to over regulate, over tax, and enact never-ending destructive legislation motivating business and manufacturing to surrender and move to foreign countries offering more welcoming laws. Further, national politicians signed unwise trade agreements with countries that placed the United States in a subservient position on trade. Mega-international corporation lobbyists became the driving force for trade policy, and national security steadily suffered. Fair trade became a victim of an ill-conceived national policy and withered in the heat of backroom deals between lobbyists and politicians. The false narrative of free trade left our nation impotent in a world